{"id":5272,"date":"2024-12-11T15:23:39","date_gmt":"2024-12-11T14:23:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/irccs.com\/patologie\/mesotheliomas\/"},"modified":"2026-06-12T12:36:28","modified_gmt":"2026-06-12T10:36:28","slug":"mesotheliomas","status":"publish","type":"pathology","link":"https:\/\/irccs.com\/en\/pathology\/mesotheliomas\/","title":{"rendered":"Mesotheliomas"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span  id=\"pathology\" class=\"h2_anchor\"><\/span>Pathology<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Malignant mesothelioma is a <strong>rare cancer<\/strong> that is more common in men and is closely associated with <strong>exposure to asbestos<\/strong>, a material widely used in construction and industry, particularly during the 1970s and 1980s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This tumor arises from <strong>mesothelial cells<\/strong>, which line the body&#8217;s major serous cavities:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Pleura<\/strong> (the membrane lining the lungs): <strong>60 to 70%<\/strong> of cases<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Peritoneum<\/strong> (the membrane lining the abdominal organs): <strong>30 to 35%<\/strong> of cases<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pericardium<\/strong> (the membrane lining the heart): a <strong>very rare<\/strong> form<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Benign tumors<\/strong> can also arise from the mesothelium (e.g. adenomatoid tumors and benign cystic mesothelioma). These are usually treated with <strong>surgery alone<\/strong> and do not require additional therapy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Numbers in Italy<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">According to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.registri-tumori.it\/cms\/pubblicazioni\/i-numeri-del-cancro-italia-2023\"><strong>AIRTUM registry<\/strong> <\/a>(Italian Association of Cancer Registries), approximately <strong>1,779 new cases<\/strong> of mesothelioma were diagnosed in Italy in 2024 (<strong>1,328 men and 451 women<\/strong>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span  id=\"symptoms\" class=\"h2_anchor\"><\/span>Symptoms<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pleural Mesothelioma<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In most cases, the initial symptoms are related to <strong>pleural effusion<\/strong> (accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity) and include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Shortness of breath (dyspnea)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Persistent cough<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pain on one side of the chest or in the lower back<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">General symptoms such as <strong>muscle weakness<\/strong> and <strong>weight loss<\/strong> may also occur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Peritoneal Mesothelioma<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The most common symptoms include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Abdominal pain<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Weight loss<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nausea and vomiting<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In some cases, the abdomen may increase in volume because of <strong>fluid accumulation in the peritoneal cavity (ascites)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span  id=\"risk-factors\" class=\"h2_anchor\"><\/span>Risk Factors<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The main cause of pleural mesothelioma is <strong>exposure to asbestos<\/strong>. The increase in cases observed in recent decades is largely related to the widespread use of this material since the 1950s in building construction, shipyards, the production of car brakes and clutches, and the manufacture of textiles and paper products. The interval between exposure and disease onset (<strong>latency period<\/strong>) is typically <strong>40 to 50 years<\/strong>. In Italy, the marketing of <strong>asbestos-containing products<\/strong> has been prohibited since 1994.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The risk of developing mesothelioma varies according to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Type of fiber<\/strong> (higher with crocidolite)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Duration of exposure<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Fiber size<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Approximately <strong>70% of inhaled fibers<\/strong> are naturally eliminated through the respiratory or intestinal tract. Fibers that remain can penetrate tissues, accumulate in the lower part of the lung, and reach the <strong>visceral pleura<\/strong> (the layer in direct contact with the lungs). Over time, <strong>pleural hyaline plaques<\/strong> may develop and, in some cases, progress to mesothelioma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To date, <strong>no screening tests are available<\/strong> for the early diagnosis of pleural mesothelioma..<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span  id=\"diagnosis-and-examination\" class=\"h2_anchor\"><\/span>Diagnosis and Examination<\/h2>\n\n\n\t<div id=\"block_6a2be12bc1762\" class=\"accordion-block acf-block\">\n\t\t<div class=\"my-4 lg:my-6\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion group border-b border-white\/5\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"flex items-center cursor-pointer group-hover:text-blue-light group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-colors\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rotate-90 text-blue-lighter group-[.accordion--open]:rotate-180 group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 500 500\" fill=\"currentColor\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<polygon points=\"250,60 100,400 400,400\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"font-bold ml-5\">Pleurectomy and Lung Decortication<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-content max-h-0 overflow-hidden transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pb-5 pl-[38px] pt-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"isSelectedEnd\"><strong>Pleurectomy and lung decortication<\/strong> is a surgical procedure used to treat <strong>pleural mesothelioma<\/strong>, a cancer that affects the <strong>parietal and visceral pleura<\/strong>, the membranes lining the chest wall and the lungs.<\/p>\n<p class=\"isSelectedEnd\">During the procedure, the surgeon removes <strong>the entire pleura<\/strong> along with any <strong>surrounding tissue affected by the tumor<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"isSelectedEnd\">The goal of this surgery is to <strong>remove as much tumor tissue as possible while preserving the underlying lung<\/strong>, helping to relieve symptoms such as <strong>chest pain<\/strong> and <strong>pleural effusion<\/strong> (accumulation of fluid in the chest cavity).<\/p>\n<p>In selected cases, the procedure may be <strong>extended to include the removal of adjacent organs or structures involved by the disease<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion group border-b border-white\/5\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"flex items-center cursor-pointer group-hover:text-blue-light group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-colors\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rotate-90 text-blue-lighter group-[.accordion--open]:rotate-180 group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 500 500\" fill=\"currentColor\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<polygon points=\"250,60 100,400 400,400\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"font-bold ml-5\">Diaphragm Resection<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-content max-h-0 overflow-hidden transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pb-5 pl-[38px] pt-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"isSelectedEnd\">In selected cases, <strong>pleurectomy may be extended to include resection of the diaphragm<\/strong>, as mesothelioma can spread to and infiltrate this muscle, which separates the <strong>thoracic and abdominal cavities<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>The procedure involves the <strong>partial or complete removal of the diaphragm<\/strong>, followed by <strong>reconstruction<\/strong>, with or without the use of a <strong>prosthetic mesh<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion group border-b border-white\/5\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"flex items-center cursor-pointer group-hover:text-blue-light group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-colors\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rotate-90 text-blue-lighter group-[.accordion--open]:rotate-180 group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 500 500\" fill=\"currentColor\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<polygon points=\"250,60 100,400 400,400\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"font-bold ml-5\">Pericardiectomy<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-content max-h-0 overflow-hidden transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pb-5 pl-[38px] pt-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"isSelectedEnd\">If mesothelioma spreads to the <strong>pericardium<\/strong>, the membrane surrounding the heart, <strong>pericardiectomy<\/strong> may be required.<\/p>\n<p>This procedure involves the <strong>surgical removal of the affected portion of the pericardium<\/strong>, followed by <strong>reconstruction using a synthetic or biological prosthesis<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion group border-b border-white\/5\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"flex items-center cursor-pointer group-hover:text-blue-light group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-colors\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rotate-90 text-blue-lighter group-[.accordion--open]:rotate-180 group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 500 500\" fill=\"currentColor\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<polygon points=\"250,60 100,400 400,400\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"font-bold ml-5\">Pneumonectomy<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-content max-h-0 overflow-hidden transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pb-5 pl-[38px] pt-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"isSelectedEnd\">In <strong>advanced cases of pleural mesothelioma<\/strong>, when the tumor extensively involves one lung, <strong>pneumonectomy<\/strong> may be necessary.<\/p>\n<p>This procedure involves the <strong>surgical removal of the entire affected lung<\/strong> in an effort to achieve the most effective local control of the disease.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion group border-b border-white\/5\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"flex items-center cursor-pointer group-hover:text-blue-light group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-colors\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rotate-90 text-blue-lighter group-[.accordion--open]:rotate-180 group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 500 500\" fill=\"currentColor\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<polygon points=\"250,60 100,400 400,400\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"font-bold ml-5\">Hyperthermic Intrathoracic Chemotherapy (HITOC)<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-content max-h-0 overflow-hidden transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pb-5 pl-[38px] pt-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"isSelectedEnd\"><strong>Hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy (HITOC)<\/strong> can be performed in conjunction with <strong>pleurectomy and lung decortication<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"isSelectedEnd\">Following surgical removal of the tumor, a <strong>chemotherapy solution heated to 41-42\u00b0C<\/strong> is circulated directly within the <strong>chest cavity<\/strong> for approximately <strong>60 minutes<\/strong>. This approach aims to destroy any <strong>remaining cancer cells<\/strong> and enhance local disease control.<\/p>\n<p class=\"isSelectedEnd\">Surgical treatment of mesothelioma is typically part of a <strong>multimodal treatment strategy<\/strong>, combining surgery with other therapies such as <strong>systemic therapy<\/strong> and <strong>radiation therapy<\/strong> to improve overall treatment effectiveness and provide a more comprehensive approach to disease management.<\/p>\n<p>The choice of treatment depends on several factors, including the <strong>stage and extent of the disease<\/strong>, the patient&#8217;s <strong>overall health status<\/strong>, and <strong>individual preferences<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Types of Pleural Mesothelioma<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Based on cellular characteristics, pleural mesothelioma is classified into <strong>four histological subtypes<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Epithelioid<\/strong>: the most common subtype (<strong>70 to 85% of cases<\/strong>) and associated with the <strong>best prognosis<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sarcomatoid (Fibrous)<\/strong>: approximately <strong>10%<\/strong> of cases<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mixed (Biphasic)<\/strong>: <strong>10 to 25%<\/strong> of cases<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Desmoplastic<\/strong>: <strong>less than 2%<\/strong> of cases and the <strong>most difficult to diagnose<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span  id=\"therapies\" class=\"h2_anchor\"><\/span>Therapies<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In selected cases, pleural mesothelioma can be treated with a combination of <strong>systemic therapy, surgery, and <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/irccs.com\/en\/medical-area\/radiotherapy\/\"><strong>radiation therapy<\/strong>.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/irccs.com\/en\/medical-area\/pharmacy\/\">Drug treatment<\/a> remains the main therapeutic option for all patients.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At <strong>Candiolo Cancer Institute<\/strong>, patient management is coordinated through the <strong>GIC<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\t<div id=\"block_6a2be12bc184f\" class=\"accordion-block acf-block\">\n\t\t<div class=\"my-4 lg:my-6\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion group border-b border-white\/5\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"flex items-center cursor-pointer group-hover:text-blue-light group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-colors\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rotate-90 text-blue-lighter group-[.accordion--open]:rotate-180 group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 500 500\" fill=\"currentColor\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<polygon points=\"250,60 100,400 400,400\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"font-bold ml-5\">Pleurectomy and Lung Decortication<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-content max-h-0 overflow-hidden transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pb-5 pl-[38px] pt-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"isSelectedEnd\"><strong>Pleurectomy and lung decortication<\/strong> is a surgical procedure used to treat <strong>pleural mesothelioma<\/strong>, a cancer that affects the <strong>parietal and visceral pleura<\/strong>, the membranes lining the chest wall and the lungs.<\/p>\n<p class=\"isSelectedEnd\">During the procedure, the surgeon removes <strong>the entire pleura<\/strong> together with any <strong>adjacent tissue involved by the tumor<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"isSelectedEnd\">The aim of this surgery is to <strong>remove the tumor while preserving the underlying lung<\/strong>, helping to relieve symptoms such as <strong>chest pain<\/strong> and <strong>pleural effusion<\/strong> (accumulation of fluid in the chest cavity).<\/p>\n<p>In selected cases, the procedure may be <strong>extended to include the removal of adjacent organs affected by the disease<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion group border-b border-white\/5\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"flex items-center cursor-pointer group-hover:text-blue-light group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-colors\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rotate-90 text-blue-lighter group-[.accordion--open]:rotate-180 group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 500 500\" fill=\"currentColor\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<polygon points=\"250,60 100,400 400,400\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"font-bold ml-5\">Diaphragm Resection<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-content max-h-0 overflow-hidden transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pb-5 pl-[38px] pt-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"isSelectedEnd\">In selected cases, <strong>pleurectomy and lung decortication<\/strong> may be extended to include <strong>resection of the diaphragm<\/strong>, as mesothelioma can spread to and infiltrate this muscle, which separates the <strong>thoracic and abdominal cavities<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>The procedure involves the <strong>partial or complete removal of the diaphragm<\/strong>, followed by <strong>reconstruction<\/strong>, with or without the use of a <strong>prosthetic implant<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion group border-b border-white\/5\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"flex items-center cursor-pointer group-hover:text-blue-light group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-colors\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rotate-90 text-blue-lighter group-[.accordion--open]:rotate-180 group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 500 500\" fill=\"currentColor\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<polygon points=\"250,60 100,400 400,400\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"font-bold ml-5\">Pericardiectomy<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-content max-h-0 overflow-hidden transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pb-5 pl-[38px] pt-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"isSelectedEnd\">If mesothelioma spreads to the <strong>pericardium<\/strong>, the membrane surrounding the heart, <strong>pericardiectomy<\/strong> may be required.<\/p>\n<p>This procedure involves the <strong>surgical removal of the affected pericardium<\/strong>, followed by <strong>reconstruction using a synthetic or biological prosthesis<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion group border-b border-white\/5\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"flex items-center cursor-pointer group-hover:text-blue-light group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-colors\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rotate-90 text-blue-lighter group-[.accordion--open]:rotate-180 group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 500 500\" fill=\"currentColor\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<polygon points=\"250,60 100,400 400,400\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"font-bold ml-5\">Pneumonectomy<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-content max-h-0 overflow-hidden transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pb-5 pl-[38px] pt-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"isSelectedEnd\">In <strong>very advanced cases of pleural mesothelioma<\/strong>, when the tumor extensively involves one lung, <strong>pneumonectomy<\/strong> may be necessary.<\/p>\n<p>This procedure involves the <strong>surgical removal of the entire affected lung<\/strong> as part of the treatment strategy for selected patients.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion group border-b border-white\/5\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"flex items-center cursor-pointer group-hover:text-blue-light group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-colors\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rotate-90 text-blue-lighter group-[.accordion--open]:rotate-180 group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 500 500\" fill=\"currentColor\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<polygon points=\"250,60 100,400 400,400\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"font-bold ml-5\">Hyperthermic Intrathoracic Chemotherapy (HITOC)<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-content max-h-0 overflow-hidden transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pb-5 pl-[38px] pt-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"isSelectedEnd\"><strong>Hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy (HITOC)<\/strong> can be performed in conjunction with <strong>pleurectomy and lung decortication<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"isSelectedEnd\">Following surgical removal of the tumor, a <strong>chemotherapy solution heated to 41-42\u00b0C<\/strong> is circulated directly within the <strong>chest cavity<\/strong> for approximately <strong>60 minutes<\/strong>. The aim of this procedure is to destroy any <strong>remaining cancer cells<\/strong> and improve local disease control.<\/p>\n<p class=\"isSelectedEnd\">Surgical treatment of mesothelioma is typically part of a <strong>multimodal approach<\/strong>, combining surgery with other therapies such as <strong>systemic therapy<\/strong> and <strong>radiation therapy<\/strong> to enhance overall treatment effectiveness and provide more comprehensive disease management.<\/p>\n<p>The choice of treatment depends on several factors, including the <strong>stage and extent of the disease<\/strong>, the patient&#8217;s <strong>overall health status<\/strong>, and <strong>individual preferences<\/strong>. Surgical management is determined according to the <strong>staging and extent of the tumor<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Surgery<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Surgical treatment of mesothelioma is typically part of a <strong>multimodal treatment approach<\/strong>, combining surgery with other therapies such as <strong>systemic therapy<\/strong> and <strong>radiation therapy<\/strong> to improve overall treatment effectiveness and provide more comprehensive disease management.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The choice of treatment depends on several factors, including the <strong>stage and extent of the disease<\/strong>, the patient&#8217;s <strong>overall health status<\/strong>, and <strong>individual preferences<\/strong>. The role of surgery is determined by the <strong>staging and extent of the tumor<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\t<div id=\"block_6a2be12bc190a\" class=\"accordion-block acf-block\">\n\t\t<div class=\"my-4 lg:my-6\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion group border-b border-white\/5\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"flex items-center cursor-pointer group-hover:text-blue-light group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-colors\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rotate-90 text-blue-lighter group-[.accordion--open]:rotate-180 group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 500 500\" fill=\"currentColor\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<polygon points=\"250,60 100,400 400,400\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"font-bold ml-5\">Pleurectomy and Lung Decortication<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-content max-h-0 overflow-hidden transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pb-5 pl-[38px] pt-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p>This surgery is used to treat pleural mesothelioma, which affects the membrane lining the inner wall of the chest wall and lungs (parietal and visceral pleura).<\/p>\n<p>During pleurectomy, the surgeon removes all of the pleura and surrounding tissue affected by the cancer.<\/p>\n<p>This surgery aims to remove the tumor without removing the underlying lung in order to relieve associated symptoms, such as chest pain and fluid accumulation in the chest (pleural effusion).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pleurectomy can sometimes be enlarged by removing neighboring organs involved in the disease.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion group border-b border-white\/5\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"flex items-center cursor-pointer group-hover:text-blue-light group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-colors\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rotate-90 text-blue-lighter group-[.accordion--open]:rotate-180 group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 500 500\" fill=\"currentColor\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<polygon points=\"250,60 100,400 400,400\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"font-bold ml-5\">Excision of the diaphragm<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-content max-h-0 overflow-hidden transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pb-5 pl-[38px] pt-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p>Pleurectomy may be expanded to the diaphragmatic muscle in some cases because mesothelioma can spread and infiltrate this anatomical structure that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities. Surgical excision involves excision of part or all of the diaphragm and its reconstruction with or without prosthetic replacement.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion group border-b border-white\/5\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"flex items-center cursor-pointer group-hover:text-blue-light group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-colors\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rotate-90 text-blue-lighter group-[.accordion--open]:rotate-180 group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 500 500\" fill=\"currentColor\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<polygon points=\"250,60 100,400 400,400\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"font-bold ml-5\">Pericardiectomy<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-content max-h-0 overflow-hidden transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pb-5 pl-[38px] pt-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p>If mesothelioma spreads to the pericardium (the membrane that surrounds the heart), surgical removal of the affected pericardium and its replacement by synthetic or biological prostheses may be necessary.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion group border-b border-white\/5\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"flex items-center cursor-pointer group-hover:text-blue-light group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-colors\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rotate-90 text-blue-lighter group-[.accordion--open]:rotate-180 group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 500 500\" fill=\"currentColor\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<polygon points=\"250,60 100,400 400,400\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"font-bold ml-5\">Pneumonectomy<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-content max-h-0 overflow-hidden transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pb-5 pl-[38px] pt-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p>In very advanced cases of pleural mesothelioma in which the tumor significantly involves one lung, it may be necessary to remove the entire affected lung surgically.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion group border-b border-white\/5\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"flex items-center cursor-pointer group-hover:text-blue-light group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-colors\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rotate-90 text-blue-lighter group-[.accordion--open]:rotate-180 group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 500 500\" fill=\"currentColor\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<polygon points=\"250,60 100,400 400,400\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"font-bold ml-5\">Hyperthermic intraperitoneal cytoreduction (HITOC)<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-content max-h-0 overflow-hidden transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pb-5 pl-[38px] pt-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p>This procedure can be performed in conjunction with pleurectomy. After surgical removal of the tumor, a chemotherapy solution heated to 41\u00b0\/42\u00b0 for about 60 minutes is circulated directly into the chest cavity to produce the death of any remaining cancer cells. Surgical treatment of mesothelioma is usually part of a multimodal approach, that is, combined with other forms of therapy, such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy, to improve the overall effectiveness of treatment and to manage the disease more comprehensively. The choice of treatment depends on several factors, including the stage of the tumor, the patient&#8217;s overall health, and personal preference. Surgical treatment of mesothelioma depends on the staging of the disease and its extent.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Radiation Therapy<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To date, the <strong>main indication for radiation therapy is palliative<\/strong>, particularly in patients with <strong>localized pain symptoms<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Only in <strong>highly selected cases<\/strong>, based on the patient&#8217;s <strong>overall condition, comorbidities, disease extent, and histological subtype<\/strong>, is radiation therapy used with the aim of <strong>improving local disease control<\/strong> and <strong>reducing the risk of locoregional recurrence<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span  id=\"ongoing-support\" class=\"h2_anchor\"><\/span>Ongoing Support<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At the\u00a0<strong>Canciolo Cancer Institute<\/strong>, we provide continuous support before, during, and after treatment, accompanying each patient throughout the entire course of care and recovery.<\/p>\n\n\n\t<div id=\"block_6a2be12bc194d\" class=\"accordion-block acf-block\">\n\t\t<div class=\"my-4 lg:my-6\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion group border-b border-white\/5\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"flex items-center cursor-pointer group-hover:text-blue-light group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-colors\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rotate-90 text-blue-lighter group-[.accordion--open]:rotate-180 group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 500 500\" fill=\"currentColor\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<polygon points=\"250,60 100,400 400,400\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"font-bold ml-5\">Pleurectomy and Lung Decortication<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-content max-h-0 overflow-hidden transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pb-5 pl-[38px] pt-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p>This surgery is used to treat pleural mesothelioma, which affects the membrane lining the inner wall of the chest wall and lungs (parietal and visceral pleura).<\/p>\n<p>During pleurectomy, the surgeon removes all of the pleura and surrounding tissue affected by the cancer.<\/p>\n<p>This surgery aims to remove the tumor without removing the underlying lung in order to relieve associated symptoms, such as chest pain and fluid accumulation in the chest (pleural effusion).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pleurectomy can sometimes be enlarged by removing neighboring organs involved in the disease.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion group border-b border-white\/5\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"flex items-center cursor-pointer group-hover:text-blue-light group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-colors\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rotate-90 text-blue-lighter group-[.accordion--open]:rotate-180 group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 500 500\" fill=\"currentColor\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<polygon points=\"250,60 100,400 400,400\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"font-bold ml-5\">Excision of the diaphragm<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-content max-h-0 overflow-hidden transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pb-5 pl-[38px] pt-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p>Pleurectomy may be expanded to the diaphragmatic muscle in some cases because mesothelioma can spread and infiltrate this anatomical structure that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities. Surgical excision involves excision of part or all of the diaphragm and its reconstruction with or without prosthetic replacement.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion group border-b border-white\/5\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"flex items-center cursor-pointer group-hover:text-blue-light group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-colors\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rotate-90 text-blue-lighter group-[.accordion--open]:rotate-180 group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 500 500\" fill=\"currentColor\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<polygon points=\"250,60 100,400 400,400\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"font-bold ml-5\">Pericardiectomy<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-content max-h-0 overflow-hidden transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pb-5 pl-[38px] pt-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p>If mesothelioma spreads to the pericardium (the membrane that surrounds the heart), surgical removal of the affected pericardium and its replacement by synthetic or biological prostheses may be necessary.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion group border-b border-white\/5\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"flex items-center cursor-pointer group-hover:text-blue-light group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-colors\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rotate-90 text-blue-lighter group-[.accordion--open]:rotate-180 group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 500 500\" fill=\"currentColor\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<polygon points=\"250,60 100,400 400,400\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"font-bold ml-5\">Pneumonectomy<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-content max-h-0 overflow-hidden transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pb-5 pl-[38px] pt-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p>In very advanced cases of pleural mesothelioma in which the tumor significantly involves one lung, it may be necessary to remove the entire affected lung surgically.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion group border-b border-white\/5\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"flex items-center cursor-pointer group-hover:text-blue-light group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-colors\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rotate-90 text-blue-lighter group-[.accordion--open]:rotate-180 group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 500 500\" fill=\"currentColor\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<polygon points=\"250,60 100,400 400,400\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"font-bold ml-5\">Hyperthermic intraperitoneal cytoreduction (HITOC)<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-content max-h-0 overflow-hidden transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pb-5 pl-[38px] pt-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p>This procedure can be performed in conjunction with pleurectomy. After surgical removal of the tumor, a chemotherapy solution heated to 41\u00b0\/42\u00b0 for about 60 minutes is circulated directly into the chest cavity to produce the death of any remaining cancer cells. Surgical treatment of mesothelioma is usually part of a multimodal approach, that is, combined with other forms of therapy, such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy, to improve the overall effectiveness of treatment and to manage the disease more comprehensively. The choice of treatment depends on several factors, including the stage of the tumor, the patient&#8217;s overall health, and personal preference. Surgical treatment of mesothelioma depends on the staging of the disease and its extent.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span  id=\"multi-disciplinary-team\" class=\"h2_anchor\"><\/span>Multi Disciplinary Team<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Every cancer requires a&nbsp;<strong>multidisciplinary approach<\/strong>&nbsp;at all stages of disease management. At the Candiolo Cancer Institute, this is provided by a team of specialists from various clinical and surgical departments, known as the&nbsp;<strong>GIC<\/strong>, Interdisciplinary Care Group (or MDT). The GIC ensures that each patient is supported throughout the diagnostic and therapeutic process, including arranging and coordinating examinations and maintaining communication with the patient and their family.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For each patient, the GIC (MDT) defines and shares a personalized care pathway based not only on the type and stage of the tumor but also on the patient\u2019s individual characteristics. The goal is to achieve the best possible outcomes both oncologically and functionally, while maintaining a high quality of life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span  id=\"clinical-divisions\" class=\"h2_anchor\"><\/span>Clinical Divisions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong>diagnostic and therapeutic pathway <\/strong>for <strong>mesothelioma <\/strong>at the<strong> Candiolo Cancer Institute<\/strong> involves a <strong>multidisciplinary team<\/strong> and several clinical divisions, including:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/irccs.com\/en\/medical-area\/thoracic-oncologic-surgery\/\" type=\"medical-area\" id=\"5136\">Thoracic Surgery<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/irccs.com\/en\/medical-area\/medical-oncology\/\" type=\"medical-area\" id=\"5169\">Medical Oncology<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/irccs.com\/en\/medical-area\/anesthesia-and-resuscitation\/\" type=\"medical-area\" id=\"5185\">Anesthesia and Resuscitation<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/irccs.com\/en\/medical-area\/nuclear-medicine\/\" type=\"medical-area\" id=\"5106\">Nuclear Medicine<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/irccs.com\/en\/medical-area\/radiotherapy\/\" type=\"medical-area\" id=\"5104\">Radiotherapy<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/irccs.com\/en\/medical-area\/radiodiagnostics\/\" type=\"medical-area\" id=\"5101\">Radiodiagnostics<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/irccs.com\/en\/medical-area\/pathologic-anatomy\/\" type=\"medical-area\" id=\"5118\">Anatomical Pathology<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span  id=\"why-choose-us\" class=\"h2_anchor\"><\/span>Why Choose Us<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At the <strong>Candiolo Cancer Institute<\/strong>, every patient with mesothelioma receives <strong>highly specialized care<\/strong> through the coordinated work of a dedicated <a href=\"https:\/\/irccs.com\/en\/pathology\/mesotheliomas\/#multi-disciplinary-team\"><strong>GIC (Interdisciplinary Care Group)<\/strong>.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\t<div id=\"block_6a2be12bc19e7\" class=\"accordion-block acf-block\">\n\t\t<div class=\"my-4 lg:my-6\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion group border-b border-white\/5\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"flex items-center cursor-pointer group-hover:text-blue-light group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-colors\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rotate-90 text-blue-lighter group-[.accordion--open]:rotate-180 group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 500 500\" fill=\"currentColor\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<polygon points=\"250,60 100,400 400,400\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"font-bold ml-5\">Clinical Experience and Tailored Approach<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-content max-h-0 overflow-hidden transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pb-5 pl-[38px] pt-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p>Thanks to the large number of cases treated each year, the Candiolo Cancer Institute is a\u00a0<strong>national reference<\/strong>\u00a0center for the care of this disease. This extensive experience allows us to manage even the most complex cases, always using a\u00a0<strong>personalized approach<\/strong>, tailored to the clinical and individual profile of each patient.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion group border-b border-white\/5\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"flex items-center cursor-pointer group-hover:text-blue-light group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-colors\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rotate-90 text-blue-lighter group-[.accordion--open]:rotate-180 group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 500 500\" fill=\"currentColor\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<polygon points=\"250,60 100,400 400,400\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"font-bold ml-5\">Imaging Technologies and Advanced Diagnostics<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-content max-h-0 overflow-hidden transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pb-5 pl-[38px] pt-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p>Establishing a treatment plan always begins with an accurate and timely diagnosis. Patients have access to\u00a0<strong>state-of-the-art imaging technologies<\/strong>, such as ultrasound, contrast-enhanced CT, MRI, and cholangio-RM, which are critical for accurately assessing the extent of the tumor.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Advanced laboratory tests<\/strong>, including molecular analyses, are also available to help define biological features of the disease and guide treatment choices.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion group border-b border-white\/5\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"flex items-center cursor-pointer group-hover:text-blue-light group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-colors\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rotate-90 text-blue-lighter group-[.accordion--open]:rotate-180 group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 500 500\" fill=\"currentColor\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<polygon points=\"250,60 100,400 400,400\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"font-bold ml-5\">Minimally Invasive Surgical Techniques and Multidisciplinarity<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-content max-h-0 overflow-hidden transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pb-5 pl-[38px] pt-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p>When appropriate, surgeries are performed using\u00a0<strong data-start=\"244\" data-end=\"268\">minimally invasive<\/strong>, laparoscopic or robotic\u00a0<strong data-start=\"244\" data-end=\"268\">techniques<\/strong>. These approaches involve the use of camera-equipped instruments introduced into the abdomen through small incisions, thus reducing surgical trauma.\u00a0<strong>Benefits<\/strong>\u00a0to the patient include\u00a0<strong>shorter hospital stay times, faster recovery, and lower risk of complications compared with traditional open surgery.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion group border-b border-white\/5\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"flex items-center cursor-pointer group-hover:text-blue-light group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-colors\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rotate-90 text-blue-lighter group-[.accordion--open]:rotate-180 group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 500 500\" fill=\"currentColor\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<polygon points=\"250,60 100,400 400,400\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"font-bold ml-5\">Clinical Research and Access to Trials<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-content max-h-0 overflow-hidden transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pb-5 pl-[38px] pt-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><\/h3>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p>As an IRCCS (Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization, and Healthcare), the Candiolo Cancer Institute combines clinical care with a strong focus on scientific research. Patients can be considered for\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/irccs.com\/en\/medical-area\/clinical-research-unit-cru\/\"><strong>participation in active clinical trials<\/strong><\/a>, offering access to innovative therapies not yet available in standard practice. This integration of care and research is a distinctive strength that translates into tangible benefits for patients.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion group border-b border-white\/5\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"flex items-center cursor-pointer group-hover:text-blue-light group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-colors\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rotate-90 text-blue-lighter group-[.accordion--open]:rotate-180 group-[.accordion--open]:text-red transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"18\" viewbox=\"0 0 500 500\" fill=\"currentColor\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<polygon points=\"250,60 100,400 400,400\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"font-bold ml-5\">Care and Support Every Step of the Way<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-content max-h-0 overflow-hidden transition-all\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pb-5 pl-[38px] pt-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/irccs.com\/en\/pathology\/mesotheliomas\/#multi-disciplinary-team\">The Interdisciplinary Care Group\u00a0<\/a>(GIC or MDT)\u00a0<strong>supports th<\/strong><strong>e patient at every stage<\/strong>: from diagnosis, through treatment, to follow-up. Special attention is paid to<strong>\u00a0nutritional support, psychological health and reintegration into daily life.<\/strong>\u00a0The organization of checkups, examinations, and treatment is designed to ensure\u00a0<strong>continuity, serenity, and a humane, caring<\/strong>\u00a0approach to each patient\u2019s needs.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5272","pathology","type-pathology","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - 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